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Analysis

GBP

英镑提前透露脱欧成败?

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
18 Nov 2020
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在过去几年中,很少有货币像英镑这样,在如此长的时间内持续受到政治风险的影响。

从英国通过脱欧公投至今已有四年多时间,期间经历了三任首相和N轮谈判磋商。从2020年1月31日英国正式退出欧盟至今也已近一年,眼看脱欧过渡期即将在年底结束,目前英欧双方依然未能达成贸易协议。近1万亿美元的双边贸易正面临无序脱欧的重大威胁。

对于扑朔迷离的贸易谈判和英镑的前景,期权市场似乎显得气定神闲。英镑兑美元一周和一个月期限的隐含波动率分别为10%和10.35%。也就是说在未来一周,汇价预计将有150个点的双向波动,而未来一个月则为328个点。这组数据显示了市场投资者并不认为汇价在临近过渡期尾声的时候会产生剧烈的波动。

从CFTC的数据来看,目前杠杆类基金和资产管理机构的英镑期货仓位都处于中性水平,并没有大举建立对冲英镑下跌风险的仓位。

上图:杠杆类基金的英镑期货持仓 下图:资产管理机构英镑期货持仓

来源:Bloomberg

综合考虑目前英镑较低的隐含波动率以及平衡的多空仓位,再加上汇价当前的走势,可以说市场认定无协议脱欧将是小概率事件。如果我们将11月2日的低点1.2854作为下行方向的关键支撑,期权市场显示汇价在未来一个月只有16.3%的概率会跌破该水平。

在英国进入二次封城并且新冠死亡病例突破5万人之际,汇价仍然处于上升通道的上沿部分,均线和RSI指标温和看涨。除了由于美元持续走低的影响之外,投资者显然淡化了脱欧对市场造成的波动,或者认为该波动不会持续存在。

尽管金融市场表达了乐观的情绪,但贸易谈判的难产是不争的事实。目前英国和欧盟在渔业、公平竞争和争端解决机制等领域仍然存在分歧。在本周四召开的欧盟峰会之前双方估计难以达成一致。由于欧洲议会和欧盟成员国议会需要三周左右的时间对最终的协议版本进行表决,这意味着11月底是理论上谈判的最后截止期限。

对于后市,我们还是坚持认为英国和欧盟会在某个时间点最终达成协议,并且看涨英镑。毕竟双方都无法承担在经济衰退期间无协议脱欧导致的贸易成本上升和边境混乱。对英国来说,更不愿意看到金融产业及人才的流失。因此双方有可能在最后时刻做出巨大的妥协。最新的消息显示,双方最早有望在下周初达成协议。

当然,随着12月的临近,若谈判始终无果,市场的谨慎甚至恐慌情绪会逐渐上升并推高波动率。对英镑的多头来说,这可能是一个无比漫长的12月。


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