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Analysis

DAX

走進DAX —— 史上最大改革所蘊含的交易機遇

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
16 Sept 2021
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德國的DAX30指數即將迎來10位新成員和一系列大刀闊斧的監管改革。

全新升級後的DAX在全球金融市場中註定將扮演更重要的角色,並獲得更多投資者的關註。作為交易者的您自然也應該將其加入到您的觀察列表中。

什麽是DAX30

DAX30是德國的基準股票指數,也可以被稱為GER30或DE30。其地位相當於美國的標普500或英國的富時100指數。

從其名稱就可以看出,該指數包含了30只成分股,其中涵蓋了中國投資者耳熟能詳的寶馬、大眾、西門子、戴姆勒、阿迪達斯、安聯、巴斯夫、拜耳、SAP等跨國企業和行業龍頭。目前的總市值超過1.5萬億歐元。

DAX是市值加權指數(和標普500類似),但每一只成分股的權重上限為10%。目前權重排第一的是全球商業軟件市場的領導者SAP。雖然根據公司市值的變化成分股名單會有所調整,但自1988年誕生以來,大約有一半的成分股從未被替換過。

指數擴容升級為DAX40

DAX在9月份即將迎來歷史上最大的一次改革,其焦點在於指數擴容。

從9月20日起,有10家企業將加入DAX,屆時指數將從現在DAX30華麗升級為DAX40。新成員中既有空客、保時捷、彪馬等傳統企業,也納入了更多高科技公司。新增的總市值約3500億歐元,其中空客以近900億歐元的市值居首,其次是西門子醫療的660億歐元。若以當前DAX30的市值排序,兩者分別能成為第五和第十大成分股。

更多監管要求

除了擴容之外,本次改革還涵蓋了公司治理和合規方面的要求,其中主要包括了:

  • 公司在納入股指之前必須連續兩年盈利
  • 公司必須公布季度財務報表並有經審計的年度報表
  • 公司必須任命一個獨立的審計委員會
  • 每6個月審查一次DAX的成分股名單(原先是12個月)

之所以進行如此大刀闊斧的改革,起因還是因為去年Wirecard的財務造假醜聞給德國金融體系帶來的沖擊。德交所的目的顯然是要加強指數的準入門檻和監管要求,並且通過多元化來降低單一個股對市場的影響。

為什麽要關註DAX?

由於擴容後的指數納入了更多成長型公司,這不但稀釋了個別巨頭的權重(降低風險),也平衡了原先偏向傳統和重工業的成分股結構(多元化),股指的市盈率也可能隨之增加。更具行業代表性的股指能反映出數字經濟時代的發展方向。

另外,成分股的營收大部分都來自於德國之外(主要是歐洲和中國)。從這個角度來看,擴容後的股指將不僅代表了德國的經濟發展,其與全球其他市場的相關性會顯著增強,有望向標普500那樣成為全球經濟的晴雨表 。

當然,隨著DAX獲得更多的關註和資金的流入,其市場波動率應該也會有所升高。

德國大選

9月26日的德國聯邦議院選舉將是DAX全新升級後首先需要面對的風險事件。最新的民調顯示,社民黨的支持率(25%)已經超過默克爾所在聯盟黨(21%),綠黨則緊隨其後(16%)。

在後默克爾時代,若中左翼政黨組成新的執政聯盟,意味著德國一直以來所恪守的嚴苛的財政紀律將逐步轉向擴張性的財政政策。這對股市來講是福(更多刺激措施)是禍(打破政策的延續性)只有時間能給出答案。

但無論如何,您都可以通過指數的多空雙向交易來把握每一個市場機遇。

關註Pepperstone,關註更多DAX指數的深入分析獨家見解。



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