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Analysis

DAX

走进DAX —— 史上最大改革所蕴含的交易机遇

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
16 Sept 2021
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德国的DAX30指数即将迎来10位新成员和一系列大刀阔斧的监管改革。

全新升级后的DAX在全球金融市场中注定将扮演更重要的角色,并获得更多投资者的关注。作为交易者的您自然也应该将其加入到您的观察列表中。

什么是DAX30

DAX30是德国的基准股票指数,也可以被称为GER30或DE30。其地位相当于美国的标普500或英国的富时100指数。

从其名称就可以看出,该指数包含了30只成分股,其中涵盖了中国投资者耳熟能详的宝马、大众、西门子、戴姆勒、阿迪达斯、安联、巴斯夫、拜耳、SAP等跨国企业和行业龙头。目前的总市值超过1.5万亿欧元。

DAX是市值加权指数(和标普500类似),但每一只成分股的权重上限为10%。目前权重排第一的是全球商业软件市场的领导者SAP。虽然根据公司市值的变化成分股名单会有所调整,但自1988年诞生以来,大约有一半的成分股从未被替换过。

指数扩容升级为DAX40

DAX在9月份即将迎来历史上最大的一次改革,其焦点在于指数扩容。

从9月20日起,有10家企业将加入DAX,届时指数将从现在DAX30华丽升级为DAX40。新成员中既有空客、保时捷、彪马等传统企业,也纳入了更多高科技公司。新增的总市值约3500亿欧元,其中空客以近900亿欧元的市值居首,其次是西门子医疗的660亿欧元。若以当前DAX30的市值排序,两者分别能成为第五和第十大成分股。

更多监管要求

除了扩容之外,本次改革还涵盖了公司治理和合规方面的要求:

  • 公司在纳入股指之前必须连续两年盈利
  • 公司必须公布季度财务报表并有经审计的年度报表
  • 公司必须任命一个独立的审计委员会
  • 每6个月审查一次DAX的成分股名单(原先是12个月)

之所以进行如此大刀阔斧的改革,起因还是因为去年Wirecard的财务造假丑闻给德国金融体系带来的冲击。德交所的目的显然是要加强指数的准入门槛和监管要求,并且通过多元化来降低单一个股对市场的影响。

为什么要关注DAX?

由于扩容后的指数纳入了更多成长型公司,这不但稀释了个别巨头的权重(降低风险),也平衡了原先偏向传统和重工业的成分股结构(多元化),股指的市盈率也可能随之增加。更具行业代表性的股指能反映出数字经济时代的发展方向。

另外,成分股的营收大部分都来自于德国之外(主要是欧洲和中国)。从这个角度来看,扩容后的股指将不仅代表了德国的经济发展,其与全球其他市场的相关性会显著增强,有望向标普500那样成为全球经济的晴雨表 。

当然,随着DAX获得更多的关注和资金的流入,其市场波动率应该也会有所升高。

德国大选

9月26日的德国联邦议院选举将是DAX全新升级后首先需要面对的风险事件。最新的民调显示,社民党的支持率(25%)已经超过默克尔所在联盟党(21%),绿党则紧随其后(16%)。

在后默克尔时代,若中左翼政党组成新的执政联盟,意味着德国一直以来所恪守的严苛的财政纪律将逐步转向扩张性的财政政策。这对股市来讲是福(更多刺激措施)是祸(打破政策的延续性)只有时间能给出答案。

但无论如何,您都可以通过指数的多空双向交易来把握每一个市场机遇。

关注Pepperstone,关注更多DAX指数的深入分析独家见解。


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