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Analysis

US500
USD
VIX

展望央行超级周 聚焦美联储

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
21 Sept 2021
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就在亚洲主要市场欢度中秋假期的同时,恒大的债务危机却没能让投资者得到喘息的空间。

随着周四美元债券付息日的临近,恒大可能的违约以及债务重组激起了市场中的避险情绪。除了恒生指数重挫3%外,欧美股市周一全线下跌,VIX指数暴涨23%至5个月新高的25。而日元和瑞郎则充分表现出其避险属性。

不过,恒大的问题是否会形成系统性风险并外溢全球市场,现在下结论还为时尚早,我们之后会另辟篇幅再做讨论。本周我们还是先将目光集中至央行超级周,尤其是美联储的政策会议上。

美联储周四凌晨(北京时间02:00)将公布最新的利率决议,鲍威尔此后(02:30)将举行新闻发布会。本次的FOMC有哪些值得我们关注的焦点呢?

  • Taper路线图

市场对于缩减购债的预期和猜测能否最终转化为现实?现在比较主流的观点是认为鲍威尔将在本周给出Taper的路线图并在今年内(如11月或12月)启动缩表,这符合过去两个月美联储的论述。

在11月3日的FOMC会议之前仅有一次非农数据(10月1日)供美联储参考。若数据无法证明就业市场“显著的进展”,缩表决定或许将被推迟至12月15日。当然,这段时间也可以用来观察恒大的危机是否会拖累亚洲甚至全球的经济复苏。

鉴于目前供应链瓶颈和招工困难的局面,短期通胀或将继续高位运行,并且高房价将很快被反映在通胀数据之中。因此即使8月CPI从高点回落也不会对Taper的时间点有太大影响。

  • 点阵图或泄露天机

首先,6月的点阵图(下图)中有7名委员预测2022年开始加息,这意味着这次只需要再有两名以上的委员加入就会形成2022年加息的预期。其次,2023年的加息次数可能从6月预计的2次上调为3次。另外,我们将首次看到委员们对2024年的加息路径的观点。

鲍威尔此前强调了缩表和加息之间并没有关联,但若这次的点阵图透露出更明确的提前加息信号,这一论述将“不攻自破”。

更令人担心的是,当美联储的货币政策正常化遭遇若隐若现的债务风暴和经济放缓时,美债收益率和美元的上升将不可避免的冲击股市、黄金、原油等资产价格。

  • 经济预测

在多项宏观经济预测中,2021的GDP增速可能在6月预估的7%的基础上有所放缓(符合多家投行近期的分析),而2021年的通胀大概率将从4%被大幅上调,长期通胀和失业率预测或许不会有明显的改变。

更多G10央行

除了美联储,本周还有包括日本、英国、瑞士、挪威、瑞典在内的多家G10央行公布利率决定。

日本央行(周三)预计将继续维持当前宽松的货币政策不变,但之后的重心应该会更偏向于财政政策,尤其是在新任首相上台之后。美/日近来的波动区间逐渐收窄至110一线。

英国央行(周四)预计将按兵不动,将创九年来新高的CPI增速归因为短期因素。在美元走强的背景下,英镑有下探1.36的可能。但央行行长此前表示加息的最低条件已经满足,这会限制汇价的下跌空间。利率市场目前押注英国在明年年底前将加息两次至0.5%。

瑞士央行(周四)利率决议之前,美/瑞已经突破了2年多的下降趋势线至5个月来新高。

挪威(周四)可能成为发达经济体中首先加息的国家,可以适当关注挪威克朗和EURNOK等交叉盘的走势。油价也是影响NOK的关键因素之一。


The material provided here has not been prepared in accordance with legal requirements designed to promote the independence of investment research and as such is considered to be a marketing communication. Whilst it is not subject to any prohibition on dealing ahead of the dissemination of investment research we will not seek to take any advantage before providing it to our clients.

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