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Analysis

Gold

你真的了解黃金走勢嗎?

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
4 May 2021
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盡管黃金周一跳升至1790上方,但也是目前所有貴金屬中唯一一個價格低於100天均線的。

鈀金(XPDUSD)今年累計上漲超過20%,白銀短期的上漲趨勢也較為明顯,而黃金則是繼續處於不溫不火的狀態。

日線圖上,金價在突破1760完成雙底形態之後,多次挑戰1798無功而返。這裏不僅是4月的高點和100天均線所在的位置,也是大級別的下降周期的上軌附近。如果能順利突破此處,則意味著多頭將正真占據主導並繼續沖擊1840,該位置是雙底形態理論上所引申出的反彈高度。

從4小時的圖上能更清晰的看到短線的反彈趨勢,以及1760和1798等關鍵位置。

除了技術形態,我們還可以從更多的維度來了解目前的黃金市場。

倉位和情緒指標

CFTC的數據顯示,管理基金和投機客所持有的黃金期貨凈多頭頭寸相比年初已經大幅下降。而全球最大的黃金ETF今年以來也面臨著持續的資金凈流出。

在期權市場,黃金1個月期的隱含波動率相比1年期的低了2.8,投資者似乎沒有完全押註金價在短線的劇烈波動。另外,1個月的看漲期權和看跌期權(25 delta)的隱含波動率之差剛剛回升至0值上方,反映出多空力量目前還是相對較為均衡(數值越

高/低,看漲/跌氛圍越濃)。這些數據正好解釋了為何當前金價處於區間運行而缺乏方向。

黃金1個月期看漲期權波動率-看跌期權波動率

通脹預期

很多人都了解黃金是天然的抗通脹產品,因此當CPI或者PCE指數在節節攀升且美國10年期預期通脹率(盈虧平衡通脹率)升至2013年4月以來最高的2.42%的時候,黃金多頭難免備受鼓舞。

然而,10年期預期通脹率和金價的30天滾動相關性僅有0.36,這使得“通脹預期推高金價”的觀點至少在目前並站不住腳。

另外,下圖中從上至下分別顯示了2年,5年和10年期預期通脹率。雖然說不同期限的數值都在升高,但短期(2年)的通脹預期上漲幅度明顯快於中期(5年)和長期(10年),這也間接印證了美聯儲的“通脹只是暫時性的”這一觀點。如果這一局面發生逆轉,即當長期的通脹預期能趕超短期時,則意味著投資者不再堅信美聯儲的判斷,通脹真正的成為了市場風險因素,屆時黃金將有望迎來更強勢的上漲階段。

實際利率

正像我們過去所多次說到的,影響黃金走勢最重要的因素是實際利率(經通貨膨脹調整後的利率)。10年期實際利率和金價的滾動相關性高達-0.905,兩者可以說是比較完美的呈現了負相關性。

美國10年期實際利率(白)vs 黃金(藍色)

在未來幾個月,隨著各項經濟數據(例如本周五的非農和之後的通脹)越來越接近美聯儲所認定的“實質性進展”,實際利率可能再次轉為上行並拖累黃金走勢。反之,若數據不佳或者“數據高峰”已過,實際利率則可能延續下跌從而提振金價,就像昨天的美國制造業PMI公布後的走勢那樣。你認為哪種情況可能性更大呢?



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【本周展望】 通脹數據考驗市場耐心

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