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Analysis

Gas
Oil

「危機」四伏

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
29 Sept 2021
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最近市場的話題比較多,比如恒大,美國政府債務上限,美聯儲的縮減恐慌,以及若隱若現的歐洲能源危機等。

雖然現在只是各種「危機」的形成或醞釀階段,但如果一旦爆發(甚至產生共振)難免又是一片「腥風血雨」。

歐洲天然氣價格刷新歷史新高,突顯出供需失衡的現狀。疫情後需求的復蘇加上環保政策下對清潔能源的倚重,使得供應出現巨大缺口。高盛預測未來幾個月內天然氣供應進一步趨緊,甚至歐洲也有「拉閘限電」的風險。

NYMEX的天然氣(NasGas)價格創7年來新高。雖然具有較長上影線的十字星暗示價格有回落的風險,但供需關系將在更長時間內(冬天)主導天然氣市場。

NasGas

現在的歐洲可能正在翹首期盼「北溪-2」天然氣管道的竣工能帶來更多的供應量。通過「北溪-2」,俄羅斯可以繞開烏克蘭將天然氣輸送到德國和其他歐洲國家。但事情顯然沒有那麽簡單,美國最近逮捕了俄羅斯最大的獨立天然氣生產商諾瓦泰克的CFO,而諾瓦泰克很可能成為「北溪-2」的供應商。這一幕是不是似曾相識?

天然氣價格的暴漲也刺激了原油的需求。WTI原油逼近今年高點77美元,而布倫特更是2018年以來首次觸及80美元大關。和天然氣一樣,盡管原油存在供應缺口,但還是需要留意最近K線形態下短線回調的可能。

能源價格的上漲使得通脹在短期內難以下跌。鮑威爾昨天在國會聽證會中表示必要時會采取行動遏製通脹。所謂的「必要行動」指的或許就是在年底前啟動「縮減購債」。在Taper預期的影響下,各期限美債的收益率近來大幅跳升。10年期收益率升至1.54%,4天內上漲了25個基點,速度之快讓人回想起2013年「縮減恐慌」時期的場景。

美元顯然受益於收益率的升高,周二升至近一年新高93.70。

支持美元進一步走強的因素有以下幾點:1)對於美國債務違約的恐慌導致短期流動性收緊(請參考我們昨天的分析文章);2)全球經濟增速放緩(比如恒大債務問題可能降低中國GDP增速)突顯美元避險低位;3)美聯儲貨幣政策的正常化(縮表和加息預期);4)美元的空頭倉位持續降低。

不過昨天有兩則消息值得我們關註。一是兩名美聯儲鷹派委員宣布辭職,二是鮑威爾明年的連任遭到參議院的質疑,這增加了未來政策的不確定性。

在收益率快速走高的背景下,股市節節敗退。科技股首當其沖,FAAMG跌幅全都在2%以上,納斯達克重挫近3%。恐慌指數VIX暴漲24%,VIXY ETF(MT5)漲幅超過10%。

NAS100

雖然說美國政府可能在新財年(10月1日)面臨關門的風險,但預計國會本周四前會通過一項臨時支出法案確保政府的繼續運作,即使出現停擺也不會持續很久。投資者更擔心的還是債務違約的風險以及國會能否盡快提高/暫停債務上限。不過兩黨的博弈看上去還會持續下去。



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