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Analysis

US
Gold
GBP

【本周展望】 全球债券收益率上升 股市承压

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
21 Feb 2021
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美债收益率的上升令投资者感到了不安,上周美股、黄金下挫,美元则先扬后抑周线持平。

本周美国众议院将对1.9万亿美元刺激方案进行表决,我们将继续关注美债收益率的走向及其对市场的影响。

上周交易一览

本周关注

周一(2月22日):德国2月IFO商业景气指数;美国2月达拉斯联储制造业指数

周二(2月23日):英国12月至三个月ILO失业率;美国2月谘商会消费者信心指数;鲍威尔出席国会听证会

周三(2月24日):新西兰联储利率决议;德国第四季度GDP终值;美国1月新屋销售

周四(2月25日):美国1月耐用品订单;美国第四季度实际GDP修正值;美国上周初请失业金人数

周五(2月26日):法国2月CPI;美国1月个人消费支出物价指数;美国1月个人消费支出;美国1月个人收入

股市

上周各期限的美债收益率全线上扬,其中10年期收益率周五触及一年来的新高1.35%,受此影响美国主要股指上周全线下跌,其中纳斯达克以1.8%的跌幅领跌。涵盖30只传统行业龙头股票的道琼斯指数则相对坚挺,微跌0.03%。

从历史数据来看,10年期收益率(蓝)与标普500指数(黄)在大部分时候都呈现负相关性。

来源:Tradingview

由流动性造就的低利率环境是美股从去年3月的低点强劲反弹的根本原因。一旦这一驱动因素面临反转,股市的估值自然有修正的需求。

另外一个不容忽视的因素是此前过于乐观的市场情绪。当投资者的风险偏好位于历史峰值(下图)时,或许就应该引起投资者的警觉。不要忘记巴菲特的金句“别人贪婪我恐惧”。

来源:BofA

尽管上周的经济数据喜忧参半,但疫苗的加速推广和新增疫情的显著下降,使投资者依然看好美国经济复苏的前景。另外,众议院计划在月底之前对1.9万亿美元的刺激方案。乐观情绪是否将进一步推高收益率值得我们关注。

本周重磅数据不多,周五的1月个人消费支出物价指数(PCE)将是美联储最为关心的通胀参考指标。

欧洲以及澳洲公债收益率2月以来同样大幅上扬,涨幅甚至超过美国的收益率。因此德国,英国以及澳大利亚等国的基准指数上周都放缓了脚步,在高位回调。日本和香港股市录得周线涨幅。

贵金属与原油

  • 黄金

受到美元反弹和收益率快速攀升的影响,黄金六连跌后上周最低触及7个月来的低点1760.64,尽管周五收高,但还是难阻周线下跌2.25%。

虽然通胀预期升至2014年来的新高,但美国实际利率回升至-0.87%,为11月底以来的最高水平,增加了持有黄金的机会成本。另外,比特币强势拉升突破57000美元,并且首只比特币ETF正式上市,分流了大量资金,因此黄金受到冷落。

黄金目前处于下降趋势中,金价交投在所有主要均线下方,RSI在50以下徘徊,短线依然偏空。1760将成为关键的支撑,若下破恐将加速下行。上行方向,需要重新站上1800的整数关口(两条趋势线汇合处)才有望扭转颓势。

  • 原油

WTI原油(XTIUSD)周线下跌1.34%至58.88。美国的极端寒潮迫使原油产能大幅下降,帮助油价上周冲上13个月高点62.20,但此后由于超买严重有所回落。

展望未来,由刺激计划和疫苗所带来的原油需求回暖或将是市场的主线,但沙特可能取消额外减产,以及伊朗核协议谈判有望释放更多供应量的消息是油价潜在的不利因素。因此油价可能在短期震荡调整后再次向60甚至65美元发起冲击。

外汇

  • 美元

美元指数(USDX)上周跟随收益率的脚步最高触及91关口,不过美联储1月份的会议纪要显示宽松的货币政策将长时间存在。而纽约联储主席威廉姆斯表示收益率上升反映了市场对经济前景的乐观预期,再次暗示美联储无意进行干预。因此指数周线最终微跌0.09%。

本周需要关注鲍威尔周二和周三在国会听证会的证词,了解更多美联储对于当前利率环境以及通胀水平的观点。

  • 英镑

英国领先的疫苗接种率使得解除封锁限制摆上了议事日程,英镑近3年以来首次突破1.40。

英镑目前运行在所有主要均线的上方,势头正盛。但需要留意的是正在接近通道上沿的汇价以及超买的RSI指标。若能突破上轨,多头会将目光聚焦在2018年3月和4月的高点1.4244和1.4376。下行方向,首要支撑出现在5天EMA线1.3934,以及2月中旬低点1.3830。

  • 欧元

欧元上周持平于1.2117。尽管法国、德国等制造业PMI好于预期,但欧洲疫苗相对缓慢的进展使得欧元近来走势明显弱于英镑。

日线图上,20天均线(棕色)中性偏空,100天均线(黑色)略微向上。短线来看运行区间逐渐收窄,汇价或将继续震荡整理。上行方向,汇价需要突破1月初开始的下降趋势线的压制,并看高至23.6%回档位1.2170。同时,1.2060以及1.1970(38.2%以及50%的回档位)构成下方的支撑。



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