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Analysis

FOMC

美元的下一站:杰克逊霍尔全球央行年会

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
20 Aug 2020
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我们在本周初的分析中提到了近期影响美元的三个关键事件,其中之一就是美联储会议纪,而这果然成为了昨天市场波动的主要推手。

美联储7月会议纪要指出,持续蔓延的新冠疫情将在短期内对经济活动、就业和通胀造成巨大压力,给中期经济前景带来不确定性。美股闻讯下挫。标普500跌幅0.44%。纳斯达克下跌0.57%。地产和能源股领跌大盘,金融股跌幅最小。

不及预期鸽派的纪要内容在货币市场引发了美元的空头回补,美元指数(USDX)劲升至93上方,结束了连续五天的下跌,10年期美债利率同步升高至0.68%。非美则全线上涨。货币市场波动加剧,主要货币对的日内波动幅度显著高于5天和14天ATR(平均真实波幅)。

来源:Pepperstone

宽松预期落空

美联储纪要显示,只有“部分”FOMC的委员讨论了涵包括了“平均通胀目标”的利率路径前瞻指引,但降低了这一货币政策调整的急迫性,只是提到了“提供更清晰的前瞻指引在未来某个时候是恰当的。”

由于此前美元的疲弱走势已经体现了市场对更宽松货币政策的预期,因此当该预期落空之后,引发了美元的空头回补。

另外,同样只要“少数”委员提及了“收益率曲线控制(YCC)”的优势,因此这项政策被暂时搁置。事实上,当前各期限的美债收益率都处于历史低位,因此并没有实施YCC的必要,美联储完全可以通过QE来调节市场利率。但如果未来债市迎来抛售潮(收益率升高),则美联储可能会重新审视YCC的必要性。

美元何去何从?

由于此次会议纪要没有给出任何政策调整的信息,略显失落情绪的投资者正将目光转向8月27-28日举行的的杰克逊霍尔全球央行年会(Jackson Hole symposium),期待鲍威尔届时能透露更多的未来货币政策调整的明确信号。

USDX 日线图 来源:MT4

我们预计今后一段时间美联储将继续维持鸽派论调,尤其考虑到目前财政刺激方案的缺席正在加剧市场对经济前景的担忧。而非美货币在经历一段回调后有望重拾升势。

杰克逊霍尔全球央行年会

一年一度的杰克逊霍尔全球央行年会由美国堪萨斯城联储主办,地点就在怀俄明州的度假胜地杰克逊霍尔。从1982年第一次会议举办至今,逐渐成为了具有权威性和知名度的全球央行年会,被视作全球央行政策的风向标,吸引着顶级央行官员和经济学家。由于疫情的影响,今年的会议将改为在线形式,主题是“展望未来十年:对货币政策的影响”。

在过去的10年中,诸多重要政策都是在杰克逊霍尔年会上提前“剧透”的,如2012年和2014年美联储和欧洲央行的QE,以及2015的美联储加息。因此,投资者可以关注下周的这一风险事件,提前做好市场波动加剧的准备。


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