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Analysis

US

美欧澳大PK 财政刺激哪家强

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
21 July 2020
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自疫情爆发以来,各国掀起了货币宽松和财政刺激的狂潮。

截至5月底,全球财政刺激总规模高达9万亿美元,而随着疫情持续蔓延,这个数字还在不断地攀升中。本周,市场焦点无疑集中在美国、欧洲和澳洲正在酝酿的新一轮财政刺激方案上。

美国:规模最大

本周一,有关疫苗的利好消息和科技股的暴涨继续提振美股。标普500在连续三周收涨后周一更是实现全年收益率转正,而纳斯达克则再创历史新高。但美股前景依然存在不确定性。

美国的疫情并没有明显缓和的迹象,而疫苗的利好能支撑股市多久还需要时间的考验,另外,截至7月10日的当周,初请失业金人数为130万,仅比前值下降了1万,远低于预期。同时有1773万人正在续领失业金。由于新冠疫情下的失业救济金申请资格扩大到一些平常没有资格领取的人,因此这些申请不会统计在常规的初请失业金人数中。更为重要的是,每周600美元的失业补助即将于7月底到期。一旦失去这笔收入,除了数千万人将失去维持生活必须开销的”金源“,同样会受到影响的还有缓慢复苏中的零售消费市场和贷款违约率(即银行系统风险)。另外,中小企业PPP贷款、租房及学生贷款延迟计划,和优惠纳税等也将于近期到期。

自疫情暴发以来,美国已经先后通过四轮经济纾困计划,总额超过2.8万亿美元,其中包括了大家所熟悉的2.2万亿美元的CARES法案。本周国会结束休会期开始协商新一轮的刺激方案。市场普遍预期总规模为1万亿美元,包括延长但减少失业补助(可能从600美元/周减少至400或更低)、一次性现金支票、以及对各州和地方的援助。如果将特朗普的”削减工资税“的计划(民主党强烈反对)包含在内的话,金额可能到达1.5万亿美元左右。在疫情蔓延的情况下,激进的刺激计划对经济复苏和风险资产无疑是一个利好。但留给国会的时间已经不多了。

技术面上,US500的中期上升趋势不变,只是RSI指标出现了顶背离,暗示短期上行动能不足。后市需要持续的利好消息刺激(如疫苗、企业业绩或财政刺激方案)才能进一步获取上涨动力挑战2月份的历史高位3396。前期的密集交投区域3165可以作为回调后的初步支撑。

US500 日线图 来源:MT4

考虑到VIX已经回落至24.46,为2月底以来的新低,并且5年期实际利率持续在负值区域走低,因此标普在中期上涨的基础不变(实际利率走低同样帮助黄金刷新9年收盘新高)。本周数据较为清淡,主要关注周四的初请以及7月PMI数据。

欧洲:最为“坎坷”

经过连续四天的漫长谈判,欧盟27个成员国最终就7500亿欧元复苏基金达成了一致,其中拨款总额由最初的5000亿欧元缩减为3900亿,剩余3600亿为低息贷款。

从4月23日欧盟领导人通过1-1.15万亿欧元的复苏基金,到5月27日将总规模降至7500亿欧元,再到如今的出资比例的妥协,一路走来可谓是困难重重。欧洲复苏基金方案的最终出炉,不仅在经济上能帮助各成员国走出新冠疫情的泥潭,更重要的是向世界展示了团结一致的欧洲和深度融合的财政政策。

欧元近期走势强劲,连续四周收涨并且已经突破200周均线。周一延续此前的强势收于4个月以来的新高1.1467,并在日线图上进一步远离看涨的10天均线,100天和200天均线形成”金叉“形态。欧元的下一个目标是年内高点1.1496。但是欧元在“靴子落地”后短线跳水40多个点,结合随机指标的超买和顶背离,因此可以关注汇价震荡回调后的入场机会。

EURUSD 日线图 来源:MT4

澳洲:反应最快

本周澳洲的重头戏在于周三的“经济和财政展望报告”,届时政府将更新财政预算和新一轮刺激措施。市场期待400亿澳元以上的刺激方案,其中将包括延长Jobkeeper和Jobseeker,削减个税、以及现金补助等。

然而由于疫情重燃和维州封城的影响,澳洲政府已经于今天提前公布了两项员工补贴的改革计划。具体为:JobKeeper将延至明年三月。9月底开始全职员工津贴从每两周1500澳元减至1200,明年起降至1000;对于每周工作20小时以下的员工,两阶段的津贴分别为750和650。JobSeeker求职补贴也将从每两周550澳元削减至250,直至年底。财政部长表示两项补助计划的总开支将达到198亿澳元。

随着全球风险情绪的回升、中国经济重回正增长,以及铁矿石价格上涨,澳元近期保持着良好的上行趋势,昨天是自6月8日以来首次收于0.70上方,5天EMA线和RSI指标均看涨。汇价短期有望挑战6月高点0.7064,上破后可看高至2019年4月的高点0.7205。

AUDUSD 日线图 来源:MT4

今天公布的澳洲联储7月货币政策会议纪要显示,负利率不在考虑范围,并且央行认为澳元汇率与基本面大体一致,没有必要干预汇市。因此澳元的下行空间有限。


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