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Analysis

USD

美联储“鹰”击长空 美元起飞黄金重挫

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
17 June 2021
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沉寂许久的市场终于在美联储会议后再次迎来久违的波动率。

作为对美联储偏鹰派的立场的反应,截止周三收盘,美元指数(USDX)一举突破91关口,兑所有主要货币均录得涨幅;10年期美债收益率接近1.6%拖累美国三大股指收低;黄金、白银重挫2.5%,带领大宗商品价格几乎集体回落;加密货币全面沦陷。

主要货币对6月16日涨跌幅 来源:Pepperstone MT4

美联储决议速览

  • 加息路径提前

点阵图显示美联储在2023年年底前将有两次加息,早于此前预计的2024年。本次会议上,18名委员中有13人预计2023年加息至少加息一次,多于今年3月时的7人。

美国联邦基金利率期货显示,市场完全定价美联储将在2023年4月加息。

  • 调高通胀预期

美联储的经济展望显示,2021年至2023年的各项经济数据的预测均有所改善。

近来强劲的经济数据让美联储官员越来越相信,通胀可能比他们预期的来的更为猛烈和持久。美联储预对2021年的PCE预估从3月的2.4%上调至3.4%,更接近当前的实际通胀率。但同时预期未来两年的通胀将逐渐回落至目标2%附近。

既然预期通胀在未来两年回落,为何又预计提前加息呢?期待鲍威尔之后能对此做出进一步的阐述。

  • 缩表纳入议事日程

鲍威尔表示,未来几个月的经济数据(尤其是就业数据)将决定何时启动缩表,而加息并不是目前考虑的重点。这意味着在未来的每次美联储会议上,缩减购债都会是一个被公开讨论的话题。以下的这些关键数据和事件值得密切关注。

6月25日:核心PCE

7月2日:非农

7月13日:CPI

7月29日:FOMC会议

8月下旬: 杰克逊霍尔央行年会

9月23日: FOMC会议

市场普遍预计美联储将在第三季度正式公布缩减购债的路线图,并在2023年正式启动缩表。

  • 上调超额存款准备金率

由于隔夜逆回购连续创出5000多亿美元的天量,并且联邦基金利率长期接近于零值(0.05%),美联储宣布将超额准备金利率(IOER)从0.1%调整至0.15%,预计能有效缓解货币市场的压力。

总的来看,这次会议可能是疫情以来美联储立场的关键转折点。随着此次会议的落幕,投资者势必会相应的调整仓位。未来两天我们将看到市场更真实的反应。对于投资者而言,更高的市场波动率往往意味着更多的交易机遇。



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