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Analysis

EUR

欧元七连阳 欧洲央行会议暗藏玄机

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
4 June 2020
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随着风险偏好不断提升,美元继续维持弱势,全球资本加速外溢至美国以外的市场获取更高的收益率,欧洲股市以及欧元从中受益。

欧元兑美元实现七连阳并且最高触及3个月高点1.1257。欧元上一次连续七天上涨还要追溯到2013年。周四亚洲时段回落至1.1220附近。

欧盟执委会提出了规模为1.85万亿欧元财政方案来提振经济,德国政府则刚刚追加了一项1300亿欧元的刺激计划。经济数据方面,欧元区国家5月份制造业和服务业PMI普遍好于预期。虽然仍处于收缩状态,但已经从前期的低点反弹,暗示欧元区正在逐步走出新冠疫情的泥潭。在欧元一片向好的时候,今天的欧洲央行会议无疑是值得重点关注的风险事件,可能加剧价格波动。

欧洲央行是否会扩大购债规模?

欧洲央行在疫情紧急资产购买计划(PEPP)框架下已经购买了2350亿欧元的债券,平均每周260亿左右。按照当前速度,PEPP将于10月份耗尽。由于央行在此前的会议纪要中透露将于6月增加刺激规模,因此市场普遍预计欧洲央行今天会宣布增加5000亿欧元的购债规模。债券市场已经对这一预期做出了反映,同时最新的数据显示欧洲央行在PEPP下已经购买了超过相应比例的意大利国债。意大利和德国10年期国债收益率的息差从5月中旬以来逐步走低,带动了近来欧元的涨势。

通常来说,量化宽松会对货币构成拖累,但在全球经济刚开始显露复苏迹象的时候,欧洲央行此时更需要加快步伐,通过更多的购债向市场注入流动性压低融资成本,或做出相应的承诺来支撑经济复苏,这将有效消除市场对于不确定性的担忧,提振风险情绪,利好于欧元。

欧元兑美元(EURUSD)日线图

目前汇价接近枢轴点1.1220,日内运行区间可参考1.1181-1.1272。

如果央行新增7500亿至1万亿的PEPP,欧元多头将备受鼓舞,有望继续推高汇价。若PEPP的增加规模不及预期,或者央行甚至暂缓增加额度,已经技术性超买的欧元或将承压下行。通过隐含波动率(14%)进行计算,预期日内波动幅度在71个pips左右(上涨或下跌),随着市场进入欧洲交易时段,这一波动幅度预计将进一步扩大。

欧元区经济预测

欧洲央行于上月提供了基于三种情境的经济前景预测。在Covid-19造成的冲击分别为轻度、中度和重度的情况下,欧元区经济今年将萎缩5%、8%和12%。然而拉加德上周表示,实际情况更可能介于中度和重度之间。通胀预期也是市场关注的焦点,因为欧洲央行目前尚未给出疫情将如何影响物价增长的评估。

德国法院的判决

5月份德国宪法法院裁决欧洲央行的量化宽松政策部分违宪,但该判决仅针对常规的"公共部门债券购买计划"(PSPP),而非疫情期间推出的PEPP。预期德国法院的裁决不会影响到欧洲央行的决策,后者将会强调其独立性,并遵守其刺激政策的承诺。


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