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Analysis

AUD
USD

重磅!美联储利率决议将如何影响澳元走势

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
10 June 2020
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随着全球经济重启,近几周全球风险资产不断上涨,接近甚至已经超过了疫情前的高点,而美元的避险属性则不断弱化。美元在过去几天维持弱势,兑所有主要货币都录得跌幅。

本周四(04:00 AEST)美国联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)将公布利率决议。市场普遍预计美联储将维持当前利率区间(0-0.25%)不变。除了利率,以下几点同样值得关注。

点阵图

美联储上次更新点阵图还是去年12月的时候。由于3月份美联储连续紧急降息至零利率下限 ,因此本次点阵图将会调低未来的利率预测。市场期待从中找寻美联储今后几年内的利率路径和前瞻指引。若将低利率维持越长时间(2022年或以后),对美债收益率和美元的负面影响越大。

经济预测

与点阵图一样,美联储的上一次的经济预测还要追溯到去年12月。过去半年,新冠疫情席卷全球,带来的经济冲击史无前例。美国国家经济研究局(NBER)宣布美国已于2020年2月陷入经济衰退。

投资者显然已经做好准备接受糟糕的2020年经济成长预测。不过重点在于经济复苏需要多久才能到来。近期美国部分的经济数据(非农就业、汽车销售、贷款审批等)已经从低位开始回升,美联储如果预测经济能更快地重启并复苏,那无疑将利好美元。

收益率曲线控制

所谓收益率曲线控制,即将某一个期限的国债收益率目标设定并维持在相应水平。此举将有效地压低长期借贷利率。日本和澳洲已经使用了这一政策。多数经济学家预期本次会议将讨论这一政策,但不会在本周就宣布实施。但10年期美债收益率在上周已经回升至0.9%左右(近日小幅回落至0.84%),一旦接近1%,则会进一步突显实施收益率控制的必要性,给美元带来压力。

澳美能否突破0.70?

总体来看,美联储本次会议上会选择暂时观望,不会立即宣布额外的刺激政策。但对未来的经济预测和前瞻指引可能传递出更多鸽派的言论,美元或将因此进一步受到打压,从而提振澳元走势。

澳元兑美元(AUDUSD)日线图

除了美元疲弱的影响,其他因素也将在长期内共同助涨澳元。首先值得注意的是今年以来澳元的走势和标普500指数(US500)高度正相关,因此可以密切关注后者的走势,从中预测澳元未来的发展走向。其次,澳洲联储在近来的声明中多次明确排除负利率政策,并对经济复苏保持乐观态度,也拒绝暗示澳元汇价已经被高估。相比美联储,澳洲联储的资产负债表甚至有收缩的迹象,预示着澳元兑美元有进一步上行的空间。另外,近期铁矿石价格的飙升也对澳元形成利好。

除非疫情二次爆发的风险加剧,否则在美元整体弱势的格局下,只要澳元能守住5天EMA线(黑色),仍有机会再次冲击0.70及上方。


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