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US500

标普500的盛宴能否继续

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
9 June 2020
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自3月23日的低点过去还不到3个月,标普500指数已经急速回升了48%,期间所有11个板块均录得上涨。

在成功实现了2020年翻红这个“小目标”后,股指已经剑指2月20日创下的历史高位3396。

标普500(US500)日线图

标普500前期的上涨主要是依赖龙头科技股(FAAMG)的拉动,但过去几周内,周期型、价值型、还有小盘股纷纷揭竿而起,形成了普涨的局面。

上周五非农就业人口意外增长250万,失业率回落至13.3%,暗示了经济最糟糕的时期可能已经过去。特朗普随即发动了单日200条的推特攻势,不但给自己点了赞,还为股市添了一把火。在众多利好的刺激下,指数在过去3周均创下3%以上的升幅。本周一继续攀升。

我们预计标普500短期内将在风险情绪的提振下继续上行(理由如下)。但在接近记录高位的区域,随着空头回补力量的减弱,过去几周的疯狂上涨模式显然无法再现。

考虑到RSI指标处于超卖区域,不排除短期回调再震荡走高的可能。如果指数能收高于3228上方,将打开上行空间,通往记录高点的道路上没有明显的阻力。下行方向,如果跌破5天EMA(黑色),则预示着上升趋势将面临考验。今后一段时间内主要的下行因素在于企业信贷扩张之后的偿债压力和破产危机。

经济重启步伐加快

随着新冠疫情的趋稳,美国取消了对全球5个国家和美国39个州的旅行禁令。另外,纽约市在6月8日进入了重启第一阶段后,有将近40万名工人可以重返工作岗位。

经济数据方面,除了劳动力市场逐步复苏后更多的临时失业人员将回到工作岗位,各类经济指标也不断从低点回升。下图的”花旗经济意外指数“显示了实际经济数据与市场主流预测偏离度的情况。当其为正数的情况下,表示实际经济情况好于人们的普遍预期。当前数值已经接近疫情前夕经济运行良好时期的水平。

花旗经济意外指数 (来源:Yardeni.com)

另外,OpenTable数据显示,全美各地的餐厅预约数大幅回升,Redbook Research公布的美国同店销售同比降幅有收窄企稳的迹象,显示出解封之后消费领域的复苏。

内在运行指标向好

下图红线显示的是标普500成分股中价格高于200天均线的股票数量占比。目前的60.2%略微高于过去三年的均值56.85%。而图中每次股指(黑色)下跌时,该比例都接近或超过均值上方1个标准差,由此可见当前的股指还没有到达过热的程度。

来源:IndexInicators.com

下图中紫色是标普500周期型股票指数与防御型指数的差值,该数值随着标普500的强劲反弹实现了同步上涨。周期型股票,即非必须消费品(如酒店、航空、旅游、奢侈品等)的上涨不但证明了经济复苏的合理性,更是为股指的进一步上涨带来了动能和信心。

来源:Bloomberg

从上图还可以看到,由于近来投资者抛售美债转向收益率更高的股市,导致目前10年期债券收益率(绿色)有上升迹象并接近0.9%,这是美联储绝对不愿意看到的。本周三的美联储会议上,市场将聚焦是否实施“收益率曲线控制”或更新前瞻指引。美国一旦像日本和澳洲那样将相应期限国债的收益率维持在某一特定水平,显然将会压低实际收益率,从而提高未来现金流折现之后的现值,对股市形成利好。

“主街”借贷计划(Main Street Lending Program)放宽

在本次议息会议之前,美联储已经宣布扩大其“主街”救助计划,将降低最低贷款额度、提高可借贷的最高额度、贷款偿还期限延长至五年、并将本金偿还计划由此前的一年调整至两年后开始。通过放宽条款以允许更多的企业参与其中,旨在帮助企业留住员工,促进广泛的经济复苏。除此之外,国会还在商讨于7月份出台1万亿美元左右的新一轮刺激计划。

抗议示威活动成为“正向”指标?

美国国内持续的抗议示威活动并没有对美股造成压力。相反,这有可能成为对现有的封城措施和社交距离限制的一种检视。

尽管股市强劲反弹,但市场以及空头对于疫情二次爆发的担忧一直存在。如果此次大规模聚集之后的几周内新冠疫情的新增病例没有明显增加,那么不但市场此前对经济复苏的押注将会被证明完全正确,也将消除疫情这一最大的不确定性因素,当前一系列限制措施的必要性则大幅下降,为加速重启经济提供了信心。股市或将爆发出更强的上升动能。


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