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Analysis

US

美元与美股“分道扬镳”

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
13 July 2020
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美元指数(USDX)和美股(标普500)的走势自3月初以来就保持着“你涨我跌”的节奏,两者的负相关性节节攀升,在上周更是达到了8年新高。

在疫情的特殊时期,美元和美股的负相关性不难理解。避险情绪会使资金流入美元而远离股市;反之,乐观情绪将推升股市而打压避险美元。上周五个交易日中,美元和美股不但收盘涨跌完全反向,而且每天都是交替涨跌,大有“轮流坐庄”的味道,并且两者都处于一个窄幅交投的区间,可见目前市场情绪的纠结。

US500 vs USDX 来源:MT4

新冠疫情始终牵动着市场的情绪和风险资产的涨跌。虽然美国的新增病例没有任何趋缓的迹象,但较高的检测量和较低的死亡率(4%左右)是股市高位运行的一个心理支撑。然而一个不能忽略的问题是,从确诊治疗到死亡再到向政府通报死亡人数,通常需要一段时间,因此当前的死亡率存在滞后的可能。例如,从6月中旬以来属于“重灾区”的亚利桑那、佛罗里达和德克萨斯的新增病例不断攀升。而从7月初以来,这三个州的7天平均死亡人数已经呈现加速上涨的迹象。如果这种势头无法压制,那最糟糕的时候可能还远未结束。

美国新冠疫情数据一览 来源:The COVID Tracking Project

在疫情持续蔓延的情况下,值得美股投资者欣慰的无疑是美债收益率。上周,10年期美债实际收益率跌至-0.77%,美国三大股指均录得周线涨幅,美元则承压震荡下行,而黄金刷新了近9年的高点。美联储虽然还未实施收益率曲线控制,但绝对不希望看到收益率走高。美联储需要较低的利率来促进信贷流动、刺激经济复苏并且帮助财政部以低成本发行更多国债。因此,实际利率将有望在经济全面复苏之前继续低位徘徊。

本周迎来美股二季度财报,银行股的业绩将率先出炉。FactSet预计盈利水平将同比下滑43.8%,可能是自2008年三季度以来最为惨烈的下跌。在疫情和经济重启的反复争夺过程中,公司业绩将向投资者展现更为清晰的复苏路径。

从技术面看,US500今天早盘高开后小幅走高,目前交投在3204一线,若本周能维持在前期阻力密集区域3191上方,股市将获得更多冲击前高的动能,澳元、纽元等风险货币也将因此受益。相反,如果跌破3130,则可能回踩200天均线,而此时日元和瑞郎会获得更多买盘支撑。

另外,US500的50天和200天均线形成“金叉”后不久,同样的均线在USDX的图形上形成了“死叉”,这或许为两者今后的长期走势提供了一定参考。但无论如何,美元和美股的“纠结”与“互杠”还将会持续一段时间。


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