疫苗的加速推进使得市场对经济复苏以及通胀率升高的预期有所升温,这不仅将美国10年期收益率推升至了一年新高1.6%,澳洲、欧元区、英国、日本等主要经济体的基准收益率也都有不同程度的走高。这对于无息资产的黄金来讲无疑构成了巨大压力。
美国10年期收益率(蓝,左)vs 黄金 (红)
来源:Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
与此同时,投资者还在疯狂试探央行对于维持宽松政策的决心,美国联邦基金利率期货和欧洲美元市场的数据显示,美国2022年底之前加息的概率已升至70%左右,这比美联储的前瞻指引要大幅提前。
市场情绪方面,黄金期权市场的1周以及1个月期限的风险逆转指标(看涨期权波动率-看跌期权波动率)已经跌破零值并加速下行,这代表着目前看跌期权的波动率(即价格)已经超过了看涨期权,且差值已经刷新了一年来新高,显示出市场中浓重的看空氛围。
来源:Bloomberg
另外,下图显示全球最大的黄金ETF - SPDR Gold Shares(代码GLD)的价格与黄金同步下跌,其资金更是遭遇连续流出(蓝色柱体),仅上周就净流出16亿美元,可见投资者对黄金后市的悲观预期。
来源:Bloomberg
从技术图形上来看,金价处于从去年8月以来的下降通道的底部,主要均线呈空头排列,RSI指标陷入超卖区域,且金价跌破了1760的关键支撑位(现形成强阻力),毫无疑问空头力量主导着当前的市场行情。
在重新站稳1760之前,金价或将继续震荡下行,本周重点关注1690-1700区域,这里也是下降通道的下轨和去年3月开始的升势的61.8%回档位。若下破则将打开更大的下跌空间。
对于快速升高的债券收益率,全球央行已经展开了“反击”。澳洲联储已经提高了债券购买额度来压低长期收益率,欧洲央行同样进行了口头干预并致力于灵活使用疫情紧急购债计划(PEPP)来应对。接下去就要看美联储如何出招了。若美联储能暗示将对债市进行干预(加大QE甚至采用收益率曲线控制),国债抛售潮可能会降温从而抑制收益率的过快上涨,届时黄金才有望迎来一波真正的反弹。值得注意的是,此前两次RSI指标出现超卖信号之后,金价均迎来大幅回升。
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