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Analysis

US
US500

美股第三季度财报前瞻

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
12 Oct 2021
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美国第三季度财报季将在本周拉开帷幕。

9月的非农远逊于预期、全球能源价格和通胀依然居高不下、供应链瓶颈日益突显,美国债务上限的闹剧也没有彻底得到解决。就在宏观环境充满变数的微妙时刻,微观层面的公司运营状况将从另一个角度吸引投资者的关注,并引起市场情绪的波动。

在过去的一年半中,史无前例的流动性毫无疑问是全球股市飙涨的主要推动力。然而,如果我们把标普500指数(白)和其每股收益预期(棕)做一个对比,就可以发现对于盈利的乐观预期同样是股市上涨的关键因素,这也是我们要密切关注企业季报的原因。

同样的情况也适用于下图,即标普500(白)和花旗所编撰的全球盈利修正指数(绿)。

在刚刚过去的第三季度中,分析师将标普500每股收益(EPS)的预估上修了3%,上调幅度相比前两季度有所降低。EPS预估的升高使得标普500的全年市盈率已经大幅下降至21.4倍,估值变得更为合理,但仍然高于过去5年(18.3)和10年(16.4)的平均水平(FactSet)。

盈利增速放缓

标普500第三季度的EPS预计同比增长27%,有望成为2010年以来第三高的增速。但不可否认,相比于第二季度创纪录的92%还是有大幅降低的。原材料行业的EPS预计同比增长89%,为所有11个行业类别中最高。

在二季度财报中,有86%的公司的EPS跑赢预期,平均高出预期达到16%。另外83%的公司的营收超出预期,超出的平均幅度为4.6%。考虑到如今分析师的预期普遍较为保守,如果上述这些数据在三季度大幅爆冷,相关个股和股指可能面临一波调整。

业绩指引

在财报公布前夕,标普500中有56家公司公布了积极的业绩指引(公司对自身的业绩预期高于市场预期的中位数),另有47家发布了消极指引。积极/消极的比率(1.19)较第二季度有所下降,但这是连续第五个季度该比率大于1。

前景展望

除了财报数字之外,投资者更应该着眼未来。企业的前瞻指引对股价的影响有时候比数据更大。如果投资前景发生变化,投资者们自然会相应的削减、增加或对冲头寸。

企业对供应链瓶颈的影响和应对最值得投资者关注,这将在很大程度上影响未来的财务状况。通胀压力同样对企业造成沉重负担。能源、原材料和运费的涨幅叠加工资成本的上升或将严重压缩盈利空间。

另外,股市(尤其是成长股)已经感受到了收益率上行的压力。随着美国10年期债券收益率突破1.6%,标普500已经从记录高位回落了5%,其中有10%的成分股较年内高点下跌10%进入调整区域。而这种压力会随着缩表和加息的临近而加剧。

关注列表

以下是按照财报公布的时间先后,列出了一些大家耳熟能详的公司,同时也显示了在过去8次财报公布当日的个股情况,以及本次公布日的隐含波动率。您可以在我们的平台上找到这些股票。

本周,摩根大通、高盛,花旗等银行股将率先登场,而美股五巨头FAAMG和特斯拉将在10月下旬集中发布财报。我们将在未来两周持续更新美股财报的进展和市场动态。

股市的波动往往还会产生外溢效应,比如股指的下挫和VIX的跳升可能会引发避险情绪,从而推升美元,进而影响能源和大宗商品价格。因此不论您是股票交易者还是商品或外汇投资者,都有必要密切留意此次财报季的动态,把握潜在的交易机遇。


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