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Analysis

Gold

负利率预期被扼杀 黄金兑这一货币却创历史新高

Jerry Chen
Jerry Chen
Research Strategist
14 May 2020
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近期市场最为关注的莫过于“负利率”的话题。上周在毫无征兆的情况下,美国利率期货价格显示美联储将在年底前实施负利率。

但鲍威尔在本周三的讲话中明确表示,美联储没有考虑采取“负利率”,这一论调与美联储的会议纪要以及近期多位官员的表态一致,负利率预期暂时消退。

负利率的得与失

负利率能够刺激银行更多的向实体经济注入流动性,并且催生更多的消费和投资。同时,更低的无风险收益率将提振风险资产的估值,利好股市。

然而,低利率甚至负利率能在多大程度上拉动需求存有疑问。疫情冲击下,市场最担心的不是资金成本,而是由封锁、限制社交距离等带来的生活方式和经济形态的彻底转变(如减少境外旅行,更谨慎消费、增加储蓄等)。这一点,与日本和欧元区采取负利率时的时空背景不同。其次,银行的盈利能力将受到打击,金融机构可能减少放贷或者追逐更高风险的投资,影响金融市场的稳定。另外,日本和欧元区的过往经验告诉我们,负利率对提升通胀水平并没有帮助。

虽然美联储最近密集开火,将负利率扼杀在摇篮之中。不过长期来看,美联储可能优先考虑收益率曲线控制(YCC)、更多的QE、更新前瞻指引、甚至是直接购买股票ETF等措施。而负利率预计成为美联储最后的选项。

下图显示,随着美联储资产负债表(蓝)和全球负收益率债券规模(白)的急速扩张,美元计价的黄金一路高奏凯歌,位于8年来的高位。在没有负利率的日子里,资产负债表和M2的增长预计将继续加速(考虑到赤字率、财政部发债规模屡创新高等因素),这将利好美元黄金。

来源:Bloomberg

英镑计价的黄金有望再创新高

当黄金兑美元(XAUUSD)表现强劲之时,黄金兑英镑(XAUGBP)已经于近日悄无声息地走出了历史新高1406。日线图中,均线呈多头排列,MACD指标在积极区域金叉向上。

黄金兑英镑(XAUGBP)日线图

对大宗商品的交易者来说,最好的投资策略是用最弱势的货币去购买具备最大升值潜能的资产(即黄金)。在这个逻辑中,我们可以把黄金看作是货币。

英镑在过去一个月中表现不佳,兑美元下挫了2.65%,是G10货币中表现最糟糕的货币。周三在下破了关键支撑位后,刷新了三周低点至1.2236。然而疲弱的态势或将延续。具体原因在于:英国的解封措施相对谨慎,要到7月4日之后才大规模重启经济;工资补助计划持续到10月,将带来大规模的财政赤字;脱欧贸易谈判进展不顺,可能会错过在6月30日前申请延长脱欧过渡期的最后期限。雪上加霜的是,英国央行副行长表示,英国很可能进入负利率时代。

当弱势的英镑遇上强势的黄金,XAUGBP或将再创新高。


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